Input-output (I/O) ports are essential components of a computer. They are used to connect external devices (called peripherals) to the computer so that data can be entered or retrieved from the system.

🔌 Types of Ports and Their Functions:

• Keyboard Port:
  Used to connect a keyboard to the computer.

• Mouse Port:
  Used to connect a mouse to the computer.

• Serial Port:

  • Transfers 1 bit at a time (serial communication).

  • Slower, but used for older or specialized devices.

• Parallel Port:

  • Transfers 8 bits at a time (parallel communication).

  • Traditionally used for printers, but now mostly obsolete.

• PS/2 Port:

  • Dedicated round port for connecting older keyboards and mice.

  • Color-coded (usually purple for keyboard, green for mouse).

✅ Key Benefits of Modern I/O Ports:

• Faster data transmission.

• Simple connections.

• Improved compatibility across many devices.